Did Your SAT Score Go Down Whats a Normal Drop and Whats Not

Did Your SAT Score Go Down What's a Normal Drop and so forth SAT/ACT Prep Online Guides and Tips Attempting to make sense of why your SAT score went down on a retake? Or on the other hand would you say you are simply thinking about what amount a SAT score can drop in the event that you retake the test? Discover the probability of a SAT score decline, how much your SAT score could diminish by, and how to ensure your score goes up, not down. Additionally, figure out how to analyze a score from the Old SAT (which was scored out of 2400) with a current SAT score (which is out of 1600) to check whether your score diminished in the progress. How Likely Is a SAT Score Drop? School Board discharged information explicitly on youngsters who retook the old rendition of the SAT as seniors †so if you’re more youthful this probably won't make a difference precisely to you, however you can anticipate that a similar general standards should hold. As indicated by that information on SAT retakes: 55 percent of youngsters stepping through the examination improved their scores as seniors 35 percent had score drops 10 percent had no change So while we don't have any information yet about the New SAT, it's essential to remember this data from the old SAT. Essentially, the higher an understudy's scores were as a lesser, the more probable it was that the understudy's resulting scores would drop. The lower the underlying scores, the more probable it was that the scores will go up. Overall, youngsters rehashing the SAT as seniors improved their joined Critical Reading, Mathematics, and Writing scores by roughly 40 focuses. Around 1 out of 25 increased at least 100 focuses on Critical Reading or Mathematics, and around 1 out of 90 lost at least 100 focuses. So the chances are on the off chance that you retake the SAT, your score will increment †simply over portion of these understudies had a score increment. Yet, this expansion isn't tremendous, only 40 composite focuses. In addition, it’s additionally not improbable that your score will either remain the equivalent or drop (45% of retakes in College Board’s study). It’s impossible you’ll lose in excess of 100 focuses on one area †which means a 200 point decline is about the maximum you ought to expect, and anything bigger is cause for genuine concern. Be Careful on the off chance that You Start Out With a Higher Score (680+) As indicated by this table from College Board, on the off chance that you at first earned an area score of 680 or higher, you're the well on the way to lose focuses on a SAT retake. The Writing segment has the greatest normal drop, of 15 focuses. The normal drop in Critical Reading is 4 focuses, and there is really a normal increase in Math of 4 focuses. Be that as it may, taking a gander at the breakdown of score increments and diminishes, understudies who scored 680 or higher the first run through are the destined to see SAT direct abatements of 20 toward 40 or even 50 to 70 focuses. So if your segment scores are 680 or higher, since you’re in the class well on the way to see a score decline, you should be exceptionally cautious when reading for your retake. Did My Score Drop Between the Old and New SAT? On the off chance that you took the Old SAT and the current SAT, it very well may be difficult to decipher and look at your two scores. As a concise boost, the Old SAT had three areas (Critical Reading, Math, and Writing) every value 800 focuses, for an aggregate of 2400 potential focuses. The current SAT has two segments, Math and Evidence-Based Reading and Writing. Each segment is worth 800 focuses for a sum of 1600 potential focuses. (Get a total manual for SAT scoring right here.)Let's take a model. Let's assume you took the old SAT in January 2016 and got the accompanying scores:Critical Reading: 640Math: 620Writing: 680Total Composite: 1940You choose to retake the SAT. On the current SAT, you get the accompanying scores:Evidence-Based Reading and Writing (EBRW): 660Math: 740Total Composite: 1400Just eyeballing it, plainly your Math execution went far up between the two tests. All things considered, 740 is a lot higher than 620! Be that as it may, looking at different areas is s omewhat murkier. Your EBRW score of 660 is higher than your old SAT Critical Reading execution yet lower than your old SAT Writing execution. So which test did you do best on? How does a 1940 out of 2400 contrast with a 1400 out of 1600? Utilizing our New SAT Score transformation diagram, we can get an idea.Based on these assessments, a 1940 old SAT score would guide to a 1360current SAT score. Then, a 1400 current SAT score would guide to a 2060 old SAT score. So it turns out the new SAT score is more grounded than the old one.If you're contrasting an old SAT score and a current score, contrast the individual segment scores Math and Math and Critical Reading/Writing with Evidence-Based Reading and Writing. Yet additionally utilize the transformation diagram to look at your last composite scores.To take another model, on the off chance that you got a 2000 on the old SAT and a 1200 on the current SAT, your score would have really gone down in the change. (A 2000 composite maps to a 1430 current SAT score, while a 1200 maps to only a 1660 on the old SAT.) So make a point to utilize the transformation outline to look at your presentation on the two tests! For what reason Would My Score Decrease? We’ll separate this conversation into littler score drops (up to 100 focuses off your composite) and bigger drops. Basically, the greater the score drop, the more genuine the issue you need to address. We'll talk about what could have turned out badly on your retake, and how to ensure a resulting SAT retake goes better. Measurably Likely Drops (Up to 100 Points Down) The primary interesting point, despite the fact that it might appear to be unreasonable, is that possibly you showed improvement over expected the first occasion when you took the SAT. Possibly you had especially good karma and speculated accurately on bunches of inquiries, or you associated better with the Reading entries. So your lower SAT retake score, as opposed to being an indication that you deteriorated, could simply be a rectification to your shockingly high first time score. In any case, it’s additionally conceivable you had respectable karma the first run through however misfortune on your retake. For instance, on the off chance that you earned 50 crude focuses on Math last an ideal opportunity for a score of 700, yet used up all available time and missed six more Math addresses the subsequent time, your crude score of 44 would get you a 650 †a 50-point drop. At the end of the day, missing only six inquiries can mean a 50-point area drop. Indeed, even little score changes can largy affect your last composite. This can undoubtedly occur on the off chance that you face an intense Reading section you don’t vibe with or a couple of harder math questions. How unfortunate you get is likewise influenced by to what extent you read for your retake †the less time you put in, the almost certain it is you’ll commit similar errors and moreover be available to misfortune. Or then again you may disregard botches you are inclined to making. Additionally, how could you study? On the off chance that you didn’t incorporate enough carefully planned test practice, you could have battled with timing on your retake, which prompts point drops. Besides, on the off chance that you invested all your energy reading for your most exceedingly awful segment, you may see score drops on the other one, prompting a general composite drop. Placing in a lot of time to improve a low Math score won't help your general composite if your EBRW score is a lot of lower the subsequent time. Additionally, did your test community have issues? Not getting the correct measure of time on a couple of areas or managing commotion or awkward temperature can influence your score (figure out how to report a test community here). At long last, the explanation could have been increasingly close to home †possibly you rested less before your SAT retake or weren’t feeling admirably that day. Whatever the case, you should attempt to make sense of what could have turned out badly for you if you’re thinking about retaking the SAT for a third time. Enormous Drops (Between 100 and 200 Points Down) On the off chance that your composite drops by this much, you likely have a progressively major issue you ought to recognize. It could be you’re utilizing another methodology that doesn’t work for you, particularly if the point drop came fundamentally from one area. For instance, did you give going directly to the inquiries a shot the Reading segment as opposed to perusing the entry first, or connecting answers for Math as opposed to fathoming with polynomial math? A technique that works for one understudy could make another sit around and lose focuses. (This is the reason we suggest doing a huge amount of training issues as a feature of your SAT examination routine: so you can evaluate various procedures and find what works for you.) In the event that the point drops were spread out between the two areas, it could be your speculating methodology or potentially timing were more regrettable this time around. Or then again perhaps your testing conditions were notably more awful this time †once more, read about conceivable test place infringement here. Or on the other hand maybe you were feeling especially focused on, wiped out, or apprehensive on your retake. So, something happened to influence your general test execution. You should chip away at distinguishing what you think turned out badly before retaking the SAT once more (in the event that you choose to) on the off chance that you saw a point drop this huge. Large Drops (200 Points or More) From the information above, just 1 of every 90 understudies will see a score decline this emotional. At the end of the day, something is genuinely turning out badly for you †regardless of whether it’s your test system, a terrible test place, or perhaps a mis-scoring. On the off chance that your SAT score is in free fall, you have a significant issue... On the off chance that you saw the score drop on only one segment †state your Math score tumbled from 660 to 460 †that’s a colossal warning. You may have evaluated another methodology on that segment that was exceptionally ineffectual. Be that as it may, it’s more probable that you may have wrecked filling in your answers †possibly you got off by one line while rising in, for instance. This could make you get a huge amount of inquiries wrong, bringing about a tremendous score drop. In the event that the score drop was spread between areas †approximately a 100-point drop in each †that addresses a test-wide issue. Perhaps you battled with timing, utilized an ineffectual speculating technique,

Brazil and United States Healthcare Essay Example for Free

Brazil and United States Healthcare Essay Unique The subject of medicinal services has become the most squeezing and continuous discussions for the United States as well as numerous different countries around the globe. Numerous nations have executed an all inclusive wellbeing inclusion for a considerable length of time with powerful outcomes. While the United States ventures into a youthful national medicinal services program, the administration can watch Brazil’s social insurance framework to learn important exercises. The sort of social insurance framework a nation picks majorly affects the country’s medicinal services experts. While contrasting the human services experts of the United States and Brazil, numerous similitudes can be seen; nonetheless, the United States can take in numerous exercises from Brazil. A Comparative Analysis of Health Care Professionals in Brazil to Those in the United States The most recent theme in the United States today, is the subject of medicinal services change in the United States. With the Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act (ACA) maintained by the Supreme Court in 2012, Americans wherever have shaped a conclusion about the new national medicinal services systemâ€most feelings seeing the national framework as negative. In any case, a few created countries like the United States have participated in a national medicinal services framework for a considerable length of time. The enormous country of Brazil has used a national wellbeing framework since 1923, and has seen the two positives and negatives. Numerous Americans see the flexibly and request of social insurance experts as a potential danger to the fate of the ACA and the United States as a wholeâ€a positive issue that has influenced Brazil. In Brazil, social insurance is seen as a protected right being offered by private and government associations and is a commitment of the state. Through the Unified Health System (SUS), general medicinal services is all inclusive and given for nothing out of pocket to all Brazilian perpetual inhabitants. Notwithstanding the United Health System, Brazilians likewise have private based medical coverage inclusion which the wealthier populace can typically buy, and Brazilians can be offered healthâ coverage by their particular businesses if accessible. Starting at 2003, 174.6 million Brazilian inhabitants accepting advantages from the SUS were archived. Of the 174.6 million, 475,699 human services experts existed inside Brazilian social insurance. In 2012, the absolute level of GDP spent on wellbeing consumption in Brazil was at a four-year high of 9.3%. In any case, Brazil’s wellbeing consumption is far lower than the United States wellbeing use that spent an aggregate of 17.9% in 2012. In Brazil the normal future has been on the ascent since 2000. In 2010, normal Brazilian future was accounted for at 73.5 years with a future for men at 69.7 and for ladies at 77.3. The newborn child death rate in Brazil has been diminishing throughout the years, yet is as yet viewed as high for a created country. Maternal death rate in Brazil is additionally diminishing in years and would be viewed as normal contrasted with different nations. While trying to improve the national human services framework in Brazil, the Brazilian government set up the â€Å"Mais Medicos† program, or more specialists program, in 2013. The task was intended to make near 1,000 occupations for doctors to keep an eye on patients in the 22 expresses that have less specialists than the national averageâ€most of the states lying in the Northern district of th e country. Notwithstanding their compensations, specialists are given budgetary guide to cover lodging and food per districts of the administration. The program will utilize doctors briefly while the Brazilian government hopes to expand participation to Brazilian clinical schools over a short measure of time by offering generous measures of money related guide and expanding consumptions on clinical school grants. Initially, the program was offered to Brazilian inhabitant specialists just trying to bring specialists from the more populated and urban territories to the country and less populated zones. At the point when not many private specialists applied, the Brazilian government stretched out Mais Medicos to Brazilian specialists who got their training abroad and outside specialists. Before applying, it was proposed that candidates ought to have a general comprehension of the Portuguese language so as to be acknowledged into the program. Toward the finish of the application procedure, about 20,000 specialists had submitted applications with recorded inclinations of the urban areas that they wish to work in. Specialists engaged with the program are required to work 40 hours every week for a long time and may work no longer than 6 years in the program. The doctors acknowledged into the Mais Medicos program get 10,000 Brazilian Reals (an identical to $4,501 US dollars) every month to spend on lodging and necessities. During 2013, Brazilian President Dilma Rousseff imported almost 11,000 Cuban doctors to serve in the program. Cuban doctors were to serve comparable hours, yet their pay rates would be sent to the Cuban government who might disseminate 40%-half of the income to the doctors working in Brazil. This trade has been a progressing banter between the clinical network of Brazil and its administration. The advantages recorded above are viewed as advantageous to doctors. The future, newborn child death rate, and maternal death rate are all at a decent standing contrasted with late ages in Brazil; in this manner, the doctors having these attributes as a resume subject shows that they were a piece of a â€Å"change† in Brazil. Despite the fact that the Mais Medicos program appears to have a few blemishes and an unequivocal gathering that objects to it, it additionally is seen by numerous individuals to do well for the social insurance framework in Brazil and has numerous supporters. The basic issue in Brazil for medicinal services experts is by all accounts an absence of dissemination of specialists into the more rustic zones of the nation. On normal in Brazil, there are just 2 medical clinic beds for each 1,000 individuals. In the northern locales of Brazil, where progressively rustic zones are discovered, the measure of medical clinics per inhabitant is lower than the normal. Much like in the United States, specialists are extremely hesitant t o the idea of starting a training in a little provincial town. Reasons being that little provincial towns are normally less populated and on normal get less family salary. In Brazil, rehearsing medication in these discouraged zones is even less stylish due to the administration association in social insurance. In these territories, rehearses get less consideration including absence of provisions and foundation. Doctors situated inside wealthier and progressively crowded zones have marginally better access to hardware and foundation, yet the conditions contrast just somewhat. Specialists are very surged with a steady flood of patients and reliably working in hot rooms with little air course. This is issue doesn't just exist in the open facilities of general doctors. Pro doctors have a tenacious surge of patients who needn't bother with a specialist’s care, however look for the expert on the grounds that there is no broad doctor accessible. Another test that Brazil’s doctors face is the finished nonattendance of electronic wellbeing records (EHRs). Albeit electronic wellbeing records can be troublesome andâ costly to actualize, the advantages of them to a wellbeing framework that needs foundation can be fantastic. EHRs improve quality, accommodation, care coordination, practice efficiencies, and cost efficiencies. Executing electronic wellbeing records would improve the nature of Brazil’s doctors workplace. The last test Brazil doctors face is the presence of defilement inside the framework. One model incorporates Brazil’s wealthier populace paying doctors off the books to treat them before others. While a few patients are in desperate need of an activity or treatment, a wealthier patient has the chance to offer the doctor a measure of cash that will influence the doctor to treat their circumstance before othersâ€even however the others have been holding up an all-inclusive measure of time. Tragically, these sorts of circumstances are not unlawful in Brazil; subsequently, it happens every now and again. In the United States, medicinal services has as of late been given as â€Å"universal coverage†. It is a progressing discussion to whether medicinal services in America is a privilege or a benefit. The United States has consistently offered free wellbeing inclusion to the older and the poorâ€paid for by citizens. In 2010, Medicare and Medicaid secured at any rate 112,979,783. Notwithstanding Medicare and Medicaid, a large portion of the American populace has decided to get manager based wellbeing inclusion. The quantity of Americans with manager based wellbeing inclusion, nonetheless, has been declining since the conversation of the Affordable Care Act. Since the Affordable Care Act has come to fruition, more than 8 million individuals have pursued inclusion with 87% of the recently guaranteed being beforehand uninsured. In 2012, the World Bank detailed that th ere were 2.5 doctors per 1,000 individuals. In 2012, the all out level of GDP spent on wellbeing consumption in the United States was at a 17.9%. This absolute is far more noteworthy than the measure of GDP spent on wellbeing use in Brazil. In the United States the normal future has consistently expanded over ages. The future announced in 2012 was 78.7 years. In spite of the fact that it would regularly be a slight age distinction, it is an unfathomable hole for future with Brazil at 73.5. The newborn child death rate in the United States has been consistent over ongoing years at 6 passings for each 1,000 births. Maternal death rate is essentially lower in the U.S. than Brazil with Brazil at 69 passings for every 100,000 births and the United States at 28 passings for each 100,000 births. In general, physiciansâ working in the United States would have a more prominent expert bit of leeway over the individuals who practice in B

DBQ- Reform, Democratic ideals essays

DBQ-Reform, Democratic standards expositions 1825-1850 was a period of significant change in training, wrongdoing counteraction, bondage, religion, womens rights, industrialization, and open tutoring, every one of the a piece of the revivalistic development. These sought to grow majority rule beliefs, as these developments reflected freedom, equity and the quest for joy, which all lies in the American announcement of autonomy. Wrongdoing avoidance was a change during this period, severe and cruel disciplines were decreased, insignificant violations and disciplines, for example, being obligation were nearly disposed of as workers entered state administrators. As of now they had a plan to rebuff as well as change hoodlums, in this way receiving the prison framework referenced in Document A. Not exclusively did they looked to forestall future violations by searching out the young and unprotected. This report contains signs of good and strict ramifications. Identifying with report E though the young had been industrialized and instructed with ethics. This identifies with the quest for joy which in this manner identifies with majority rule beliefs. The record discusses difficult work and a righteous youngster this reflects training changes around then that accentuated improved instruction as well as underscored on ethics and realism, which McGuffey lectured. Moderation writing was likewise broadly appeared around then. Record H is an extraordinary case of this, which portrays the social and financial expenses of drinking. Right now, drinking exorbitantly was an issue since it decreased effective workers, which in this manner diminished dedicated people into careless lushes, which conflicted with revivalistic beliefs. In this manner the endeavor to diminish liquor consumption reflected popularity based beliefs as it improved the lives of people and the people families, along these lines advancing the quest for bliss. Changes additionally stressed on stable dedicated families which is plainly appeared in Documents E,C and H. Report E discusses hardwo... <!

The Ultimate Solution for Samples of Essay Writing about Yourself You Can Learn About Today

The Ultimate Solution for Samples of Essay Writing about Yourself You Can Learn About Today Mention by name particular classes, professors, clubs and activities that you're excited to be a component of. Consider it for a second. For example, a biology paper might be written by a person who has a degree in that science. An individual may be from a person who has a doctorate in biology. Samples of experienced expert helper to. As students we had to compose several assignments, that isn't a secret. Our writers make certain all your demands are met to get the standard of papers you want. Because that endeavor is intimidating, it's often hard to choose where to get started. Additionally, there are some who think they are fit candidates and are guaranteed to have a spot for enrollment. We promise they're a good deal closer to these sample paragraphs than you may think! Well-done samples give an education in format. Additionally, I learned to concentrate on my least favorite subjects first. Samples of Essay Writing about Yourself Options If you aren't certain what a travel essay appears like we have a few guidelines for you to follow. You must examine the correct writers which you're getting essay help from when finding writing samples. Bear in mind, an admission essay sample may be good way to find out more about the writing procedure and understand the task better. The very best essay examples that it is possible to come across include ones that were produced by men and women that are experienced in the fields that they're writing about. These instances can cause rush decisions like writing a college essay immediately without reading the instructions that are made by the academic institution. As a consequence, I developed a new awareness of self-reliance and self-confidence. Someone with more experience will be inclined to use expert language. It supplies valuable knowledge in a number of ways. Whispered Samples of Essay Writing about Yourself Secrets Now you must sift through all your notes to discover the three to five things that actually speak to you. A travel essay likewise gives a glimpse of the culture of a specific place. Besides the things which you should always bear in mind, in addition, there are some items which you shouldn't do when creating the content of your college essay. There isn't a prompt to direct you, and that means you must ask yourself the questions that will get at the center of the story that you want to tell. Thinking too much regarding the future can be traumatizing though we ca nnot live without focus. Odds are you might do a poorly written paper which could force you to perform badly. Anything you should finish your paper quickly and qualitative. Essays are your very best friend. For instance, a why us essay might speak about how very interesting XYZ interdisciplinary project is and the way it fits nicely with your senior project. The essay provides you with an opportunity to reveal how effectively it's possible to read and comprehend a passage and compose an essay analyzing the passage. Writing an essay has to be stressful. People started to stare at me. Vital Points to Use It isn't difficult to get a great writer who knows about whatever it is that you will need to get assistance with. It is essential that we shine in the span of our essay. Let EssayEdge help you compose an application essay which gets noticed. Stephen's essay is quite effective. Before you commence writing your college essay, you might want to see the essay examplesA that we've listed for you, so you may have more idea on what things to put in the college essay you will create.

Writing effective Admission Essay

Writing a good, outstanding Admission Essay is a really important task for students. That is why a person needs to have a serious personal attitude to writing it for entering the college or any other educational institution he/she wants. The main purpose when writing this kind of essay is to make it different from others and at the same time show the evaluators all that they want to know about the writer. In this essay one needs to show both his writing skills and personality in the best way possible. And in order to do this the writer will have to: make a deep analysis of his/her personality, find the skills that evaluators are most likely looking for, show them that the writer has these skills by providing specific examples, organize a good structure of the essay, impress the evaluators with originality and personality. So, to start with, a writer has to find a topic for his/her essay if it is not provided. This can become a really good chance for the writer because he/she can choose the topic which he/she is efficient with and can provide a lot of specific examples from his/her personal experience. Admission Essay is totally different from what we all study in schools, there is no need for introduction and summary; it is all about showing personality and creativity. The process of making reader feel positive about the writer involves following steps: Step 1 The first thing writer has to do is to start with original paragraph which will capture readers attention and make him want to learn more about the writer. Step 2 After the attention is captured the writer has to keep it until the end of the essay. That is why all the sentences are to be interconnected and slowly lead from one point to another. Step 3 When the entire paper is read by evaluator he needs to have a stable positive image of the writer which is not likely to change. This can be done by applying to emotions and making the reader feel the events described in your essay. My last advise to the writer of an Admission Essay is to be creative. Try to show as much of your personality as possible, tie yourself with college or university that you are applying for, and always be positive and persuasive throughout the essay. GOOD LUCK!!!

The University Of California, San Diego - 929 Words

The University of California, San Diego was found on November 18, 1960. UC San Diego is the 7th oldest campus of the University of California in all 10 universities. UC San Diego is named as the top university for the past five years based on their research, social mobility and civic engagement. UCSD has been on the top ten rank of public universities. UCSD has six different colleges, each individual college has its own requirements and traditions. Each college has an educational philosophy and is ideally affiliated with your major. UCSD offers a majority of majors which are known as undergraduate degrees. UCSD is not just a university but also a workplace for those staff, faculty and students. UCSD offers a job to all interested students. UCSD has a mission to employees in which is to be able to carry out all learning and organization development skills to help support the universities creativity, innovation and collaboration. UCSD fall’s under the education industry sector . Educations industry is referred based on three different categories, K-12, higher education and vocational education. The reason in which UCSD is part of the education industry is because its main focus is to help students have a better and more developing education in a university. â€Å"Diversity is a variety of demographic, cultural, and personal differences among an organization’s employees and customers (Williams. 249)†. Diversity is having different people who have from differentShow MoreRelated The Drinking Fountain at the University of California, San Diego970 Words   |  4 PagesOn February 15th, 2014, I took a trip to the drinking fountain at the University of California, San Diego that was assigned by Professor B for my second writing assignment. The drinking fountain is made out of granite that has been polished. It is situated on a cement pathway across from Yogurt World and the iconic Triton statue, which is next to the Price Center. 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Effect of the Nature of Virus Hunters †MyAssignmenthelp.com

Question: Discuss about the Effect of the Nature of Virus Hunters. Answer: Effect of the nature of virus hunters on the most appropriate structures for getting work done effectively and efficiently The organizational scenario at the Symantec is one of the highly flexible as well as adaptive structures. The world of today is characterised by rapid and unpredicatbale changes, in which there is high level of unexpected changes (Ramana Kumar, 2016). The sustainibility changes in the organization is more important for creatingeffective change management in the organizations. Symantec leaders use effective infirmation technology as well as fundamnetal new processes to respond quickly to the customer requirements. The virus systems are known to attack various parts of the computer system and hence it is important to put a check to their spreadouts (Ramana Kumar, 2016). This requires the work of the virus hunters to be less structured as they need to be aware of the organizational threats and that does not follow any specified pattern. This has a negative impact on the organization as the effective structures of the organziation requires fixed structures and pre-determined work patte rns (Ramana Kumar, 2016). The nature of the virus hunters ensure that they have to deal with different code of programmers, which makes it difficult for them to maintain team cohesion and team unity. The lack of team cohesion would imply that the organizational objectives may not be fulfilled. There has been huge change in the nature of the viruses and their mode of penetration in the computer system of the employees. This requires the virus-hunters to be aware of the different modes of entry and take contingent actions based on them (Carvalhosa et al., 2017). This affect the organizational structure in a positive way, since the organziatioanl work structures expects their employees to be able to undertake any risks and be ready with emergency management actions (Carvalhosa et al., 2017). The virus-hunters need to be aware of the unexpected nature and form of the viruses. This is helpful in situations when the managers need to be aware of the unexpected nature of the contingencues (Ramana Kumar, 2016). The programmers are required to operate in the least formal work environment, which is often the case in an organization setting. The managers of the organziations focus on the fact that the employees need to follow all rules of the organization and they need to operate in a formal work environment (Carvalhosa et al., 2017). The virus hunters also needs to operate in a more decentralised structure, in which the decision-making authority would reside on the individual department heads. This would provide better organizational ouctomes as it would be helpful in the decision making process of the organization. The virus hunters of the modern times operate in a highly mobile environment in which it is important to be a part of thechange management process (Cameron Green, 2015). There have been ongoing developments in the virus definitions and the virus hunters need to be aware of them (Carvalhosa et al., 2017). This requires them to a part of thechange management process and the lead the employees so that they can be instrumental in achieving of the organizational objectives. This nature of job of the virus hunters is beneficial for the organization (Carvalhosa et al., 2017). This is because of the fact that the modern organizations are subjected to various levels of internal as well as external changes, which needs to be corresponded to at an urgent basis (Cameron Green, 2015). The virus hunters are well adapted to adjust with the new types of security threats that are gaining relevance in the environment. This is instrumental in aiding the organizational improvements, as the companies n eed to align themselves and their functioning with the changed demands of the environment. Challenges of team and volunteeer management in relation to the computer viruses There would be issues in the management of the professionals as well as customer volunteers in a challenging work environment like Symantec. The managers would have issues with the controlling function of the management (Kerzner, 2013). The volunteers do not receive regular payments like the paid employees and hence they are often difficult to control. The controlling is one of the most important functions of the management, which is important for evaluating the various deviations from the set standards and fulfills the goals of the organization (Kerzner, 2013). The controlling function is affected in the organization in which there is a foreseeing action. The challenges in controlling a team lie in the setting of the actual setting of the standards and the measurement of the actual performance of the employees (Prokhorova Chobitok, 2016). It is concerned about taking corrective actions, which often becomes a difficult process. This is because of the fact that the managers might not be able to get hold of the volunteers and they may not advise suitable corrective actions for them. The volunteers in Symantec are usually the ones who do not get regular compensation and there are times when they work for free of cost (Kerzner, 2013). This is detrimental to the organizational performance as these employees would not be giving their best performance. It is also difficult to set performance criteria for this section of the employees, since they are not being given any formal compensation (Demydov et al., 2015). Hence, they cannot ask the employees to display a set level of performance. The managers are unable to provide any financial rewards to the volunteers and hence they are unable to implement the controlling function effectively (Kerzner, 2013). They also find it difficult to control this section of employees as it is difficult to implement punishments for not conforming to the pre-determined work standards. There would also be challenges for evaluation of the performances of the volunteers or the other employees of the firm. The managers would be unable to provide any motivation to the employees since the volunteers would not be able to work properly without the help of proper package (Mafini Dlodlo, 2014). The employees evaluation would be a problem affair since there would not be any predetermined criteria. The managers would be having a tough time in deciding about the performance of the volunteers, which may create barrier in the realization of the organizational objectives (Kerzner, 2013). There are instances when the rating and the ranking system is responsible for decreasing the engagement of the employees and this also reduces the motivation level of the employees (Mafini Dlodlo, 2014). Such kind of mechanisms makes people prone to rapid reactions as well as aggressive movement of the employees, which may increase the instances of conflicts in the organizations. The volunteers are responsible for a variety of works such as writing of the virus code definitions, installation of the virus attack mechanisms and the interaction with the customers (Mafini Dlodlo, 2014). These are some of the vital work functions and if the employees are negligent in performing their work duties, then there might be serious issues in the organizational outcomes. The performance management of the employees would be a serious concern for the managers (Demydov et al., 2015). The managers may not be able to align the team members as the changing requirements of the external environment. Another common issue of the traditional performance management system is that the reviews given in the traditional reviews dont help the employees to develop as well as grow themselves (Demydov et al., 2015). The annual review is done on yearly basis and there are instances when the manager fails to give proper feedback to the employees at correct time. There can be issues with the job descriptions of the employees. The volunteers would not be able to give their maximum productivity, if they are not being explained about the tasks they are supposed to do on a regular basis. There can be lack of credibility of the job descriptions, which relies on the effective of the human resource managers (Demydov et al., 2015). There can be lack of established goals, which may leave the volunteers clueless about the actual work they are supposed to deliver. For example, if the virus hunters are not being instructed to stay aware of the various new threats in the market, then they would not be able to keep themselves updated. This may cause a decrease in the operational efficiency of the firm, which would affect the accomplishment of the organizational objectives (Demydov et al., 2015). There can be lack of consistency in which there would be times when the employees would be delivering high performances and there would be times when they would be delivering average performances. References Baskerville, R., Spagnoletti, P., Kim, J. (2014). Incident-centered information security: Managing a strategic balance between prevention and response.Information Management,51(1), 138-151. Cameron, E., Green, M. (2015).Making sense of change management: A complete guide to the models, tools and techniques of organizational change. Kogan Page Publishers. Carvalhosa, P., Portela, F., Machado, J., Santos, M. F., Abelha, A. (2017, March). Good practices in Local Government-A first overview of Portuguese reality. InIOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering(Vol. 185, No. 1, p. 012002). IOP Publishing. Demydov, I. V., Strykhalyuk, B. M., Shpur, O. M., Mohamed, M. E. H., Klymash, Y. V. (2015). The structural-functional synthesis of cloud service delivery platform after service availability and performance criteria. , (1), 144-159. Kerzner, H. (2013).Project management: a systems approach to planning, scheduling, and controlling. John Wiley Sons. Mafini, C., Dlodlo, N. (2014). The relationship between extrinsic motivation, job satisfaction and life satisfaction amongst employees in a public organisation.SA Journal of Industrial Psychology,40(1), 01-12. Prokhorova, V., Chobitok, V. (2016). Controlling in Airline Enterprises Management System.Pro?eedings of the National Aviation University, (1), 70-75. Ramana, C. V., Kumar, B. M. (2016). Virus Attack Identification And Representation In Sensor Network.IJSEAT,4(1), 040-043.

Dynamic Facilitation A Critical Discussion

Table of Contents Introduction Theoretical Perspectives of Dynamic Facilitation Application of Dynamic Facilitation Conclusion Reference List Introduction Increased competition, shifting customer demands, technological advancements, shifts in government regulations and workforce demographics are some of the triggers of change that continue to provide the impetus for organizations to continually adopt change (Sitkin et al, 2011), but these change efforts may be ineffective, unsustainable or even elusive if the fundamental principles and the methodologies of change are not effectively grasped and actively applied (Rough, 1997).Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Dynamic Facilitation: A Critical Discussion specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More It is with this realization that the present paper seeks to discuss one of the change methodologies referred to as Dynamic Facilitation, with a view to bringing into light its the oretical underpinnings and how the methodology could be applied in contemporary organizational contexts. Theoretical Perspectives of Dynamic Facilitation Developed in the decade of the 1990s by Jim Rough, Dynamic Facilitation as a change methodology has attracted considerable interest from researchers, practitioners and organizational change agents (Sitkin et al, 2011; Howard et al, 2005). Rough Martin (2007) describes Dynamic Facilitation as â€Å"†¦an emergent approach to facilitating that helps people address difficult issues creatively and collaboratively, where shifts and breakthroughs are the natural result† (p. 224). Available literature demonstrates that Dynamic Facilitation revolves around bringing together people faced with a similar need and giving them the opportunity to chart the way forward by facilitating a process that will enable the participants to engage in deep, heartfelt and creative quality of thinking known in theoretical terms as â€Å"choice cr eating† (Rough Martin, 2007). In Dynamic Facilitation, the designated facilitator should not direct or control discussion among the participants; rather, he plays an active role in ensuring that all participants are allowed the chance to express their views in any form in addition to seeking forclarifications, encouraging opposing views, and ensuring that only one participant speaks at a time (Rough Martin, 2007; Howard et al, 2005). In theoretical terms, therefore, such an arrangement is intended to generate elevated trust, shared understandings, and the spirit of community in an attempt to come up with the best solution(s) to the arising need (Rough Martin, 2007). The major task of the designated facilitator is to attempt to record all the contributions made by participants using four charts, which are purposely labeled â€Å"†¦enquiries/problem statements, difficulties/concerns, information/perspectives, and options/ideas† (Howard et al, 2005, p. 3).Advertisi ng Looking for essay on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Using some sort of a jigsaw puzzle analogy, the participants in the group may jump around while discussing diverse sections of the bigger picture in a bid to come up with both short- and long-term solutions to the identified need. In recording the participants’ contributions into the four charts, the designated facilitator should ensure that everyone’s contributions are written down. The theoretical underpinning of this process of recording all contributions, according to Howard et al (2005) and Rough (1997), lies in the fact that participants are more likely to expand their focus and listen to the contributions of others in the process of forming the bigger picture if they are well aware that they are free to be fully heard, and that their own contributions are taken into consideration in the search for possible solutions to the present ing need. Consequently, Howard et al (2005) and Rough Martin (2007) note that Dynamic Facilitation encourage participants to be ‘themselves’and to express freely or ‘dump’ the information on their mind to the group. Upon starting to comprehend the complexity of the scenario when considering manifold points of view they, on their own volition, begin to suggest possible solutions to the presenting need. Howard et al (2005) observes that such a self-organization environment, where all participants are allowed to participate without the facilitator attempting to push for any consensus, brings forth important breakthroughs, which are then recorded in the fifth chart. The facilitator should always ensure that the points of convergence brought forward by individual uniqueness and passion are identified as it is these convergences that form the backbone of the solutions to the presenting need. Indeed, Rough Martin (2007) note that â€Å"†¦individual uniquen ess and passion, normally seen as liabilities, are valued as assets in the group† (p. 224). The theoretical underpinning of encouraging this uniqueness is based on the fact that the unique perspectives fronted by participants may well turn out to be the missing portion of the puzzle (Rough, 1997). However, it is always important to note that conclusions should always be unanimous (Rough Martin, 2007), and the consensus statements then communicated to all stakeholders for additional discussion and possible implementation (Howard et al. 2005). Application of Dynamic Facilitation Dynamic Facilitation as a change methodology can be applied in managing change process at a community college, where the decisions made not only affect the school management and students, but also the community at large. An example of a change process affecting the college would be to develop mechanisms aimed at fighting the rising incidences of insecurity within the school’s neighborhood.Adverti sing We will write a custom essay sample on Dynamic Facilitation: A Critical Discussion specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More In such a scenario, it is feasible to use this change methodology due to the fact that the processes triggering the change are largely unplanned, thus the need to employ the self-organizing concept to manage change which cannot be planned (Rough, 1997). It can also be argued that this methodology is feasible because it is very effective in dealing with complex situations, where there is no easy answer. Insecurity is one such scenario. A number of stakeholders would be involved in such a change initiative. In the context of therising insecurity problem, it is imperative to involve the college administration, teachers, students, parents and local church leaders, as well as government officials such as the police. Rough (1997) argues that it is these stakeholders who, individually and collectively, elicit creative quality of thinking through their contributions in the dialogue. It is this quality of thinking that is later used to come up with important breakthroughs. Consequently, it is of fundamental importance to include the right kind of stakeholders in the group for the discussions to become fruitful. It should be noted that while the dynamic facilitator acts to guide and direct the discussion among participants, the sponsor is involved in setting or sketching the outcomes as needed by the organization or community to deal with the presenting problem. To identify the sponsor, therefore, concerted efforts need to be made to identify someone who is well versed with the issues at hand, and who is well respected to command a significant degree of influence in the community (Sitkin et al, 2011). However, it is imperative to note that the influence of the sponsor should not be used to sway the contributions of participants in the group. The success of the change initiative should be measured b y how the members are able to attain convergences in discussing particular issues of interest. It should be noted that it is the convergent points of view that contribute to the achievement of the consensus statements, which are then used to come up with breakthroughs to the issues at hand (Howard et al, 2005; Rough Martin, 2007). Lack of convergent points of view among participants therefore implies lack of progress. Lastly, the organization, which is the community college in this case, is expected to gain from reduced cases of insecurity and student complaints in the short-term, but will gain more in terms of positive public image and enhanced student enrollment levels in the long-term.Advertising Looking for essay on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Conclusion This paper has effectively demonstrated how Dynamic Facilitation can be used as a methodology to manage a seemingly impossible and unplanned change process. The discussion has particularly shed light on how change can be viewed as self-organizing, and how important breakthroughs can be achieved by getting people to freely discuss the presenting problem and by getting them to listen to the contribution of others (Howard et al, 2005). Certainly, it can only be concluded that Dynamic Facilitation represents an increasingly growing paradigm of change management methodologies, particularly at the community level. Reference List Howard, P., Galarneau, T., Perez, J., Shaw, D. (2005). Integrating open space technology and Dynamic Facilitation. Participatory Learning Action, 53(1), 1-6. Retrieved from http://foodsecurity.org/ Rough, J. (1997). Dynamic Facilitation and the magic of self-organizing change. Journal for Quality and Participation, 20(3) 34-38. Retrieved from Business Source Premier Database. Rough, J., Martin, D. (2007). Dynamic Facilitation. In: P. Holman, T. Devane, S. Cady (Ed.), The Change handbook: The definitive resource on today’s best methods for engaging whole systems (2nd ed.). San Francisco, CA: Berrett-Koehler Publishers, Inc. Sitkin, S.B., See, K.E., Miller, C.C., Lawless, M.W., Carton, A.M. (2011). The paradox of stretch goals: Organizations in pursuit of the seemingly impossible. Academy of Management Review, 36(3), 544-566. Retrieved from Business Source Premier Database. This essay on Dynamic Facilitation: A Critical Discussion was written and submitted by user Ge0rg1a to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here.

World War 2, atomic bomb essays

World War 2, atomic bomb essays On 6 August 1945 the United States exploded an atomic bomb over Hiroshima and revealed to the world in one blinding flash the start of the atomic age. As the meaning of this explosion and the nature of the force unleashed became apparent, a chorus of voices rose in protest against the decision that opened the Pandora's box of atomic warfare. The decision to use the atomic bomb was made by President Truman. There was never any doubt of that and despite the rising tide of criticism Mr. Truman took full responsibility for his action. Only recently succeeded to the Presidency after the death of Roosevelt and beset by a multitude of problems of enormous significance for the postwar world, Mr. Truman leaned heavily on the advice of his senior and most trusted advisers on the question of the bomb. But the final decision was his and his alone. [1] The justification for using the atomic bomb was that it ended the war, or at least ended it sooner and thereby saved countless American-and Japanese-lives. But had it? Had not Japan been defeated and was she not already on the verge of surrender? What circumstances, it was asked, justified the fateful decision that "blasted the web of history and, like the discovery of fire, severed past from present"? [2] The first authoritative explanation of how and why it was decided to use the bomb came in February 1947 from Henry L. Stimson, wartime Secretary of War and the man who more than any other was responsible for advising the President in this matter. [3] This explana- On August 6, 1945, at precisely 8:16 a.m., the first atomic bomb exploded in Hiroshima, Japan, just seconds after leaving the Enola Gay. It carried with it the equivalent of 20,000 tons of TNT. Everything within four square miles was desolated. On August 9, 1945, the second atomic bomb exploded at approximately 11:01 a.m. in Nagasaki, Japan, after being dropped from the B-29 Bockscar. This bomb contained the equivalent...

E-Mail, Internet Use, and Privacy Policies Assignment

E-Mail, Internet Use, and Privacy Policies - Assignment Example When employees are at the workplace, the main emphasis is normally given on improving the overall productivity and employee performance. E-mail and internet use among employees at the workplace have created issues that it is merely a time consuming and moreover, there can be issues of misuse as well. Employees may share the company matters with others or through social media like twitter or facebook and this adversely affect the company. Telstra, an Australian Carrier, and media company with 49000 employees have become an example of an organization that brought set of rules and regulations for employees regarding internet use (Peter Williams, July 2009). Internet policy is guidelines and instructions given to the employees regarding the use of internet facilities including surfing of the web, e-mail use, and social media and chatting etc. The main objective of internet policy is to increase employee productivity and reduce legal liabilities that may happen due to the employee misuse of the internet. Noonan (2004) emphasized that an internet policy must be able to define who is allowed to access the internet in the workplace and what types of access are permitted (p. 34). One of the main issues related with the internet is the misuse of social media like twitter.com, linkedin.com etc. according to Solis and Breakenridge (2009), public relations are ever changing and social media sites are empowering new domains of authoritative voices that should never be ignored. Social media can alter the entire media landscape because the power of influence can be placed in few hands if they have goods commenting power (p. 1).

Community Counseling Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Community Counseling - Essay Example An important aspect of modern counseling philosophy is that the clients remain in control of their own treatment program. This is a recognition of the importance of cooperation in the counseling relationship and gives the client a sense of responsibility in there own lives. This freedom of choice for the client increases their stake in the interventions and the outcome. This puts the client in the driver's seat. The counselor does not dictate actions, but merely acts as a facilitator for change. The philosophy of counseling is client oriented, and the role of the counselor is to promote a since of wellness and show a commitment to improving the lives of their clients. The overriding principles that drive the counseling relationship are genuineness, respect, dignity, and client self-worth. This idea is open to all individuals regardless of ethnic, cultural, racial, sexual and special needs. Counseling emphasizes unconditional positive regard, respect, a safe and caring therapeutic relationship, individual strengths, and taking control over choices. Professional organizations set up accrediting agencies to promote, evaluate, audit, and certify institutions and programs that meet professionally recognized criteria. Programs that meet accreditation standards reassure the university faculty and students that they are being taught the skills that are needed to the current industry acceptable standards. This makes it easier for a student that goes through a CACREP program to be recognized as having the necessary skills and knowledge to pass a certification test. One of the benefits of this program is that you know that you would be going through a well-rounded educational experience. Another benefit is that the program is monitored and set up in a way that has a strategic plan that is oriented for the success of the students. Membership in a professional association and credentialing is an excellent method for the profession to remain ethical and well regulated. It is sometimes easy to forget our ethics and fail to act in the best interest of our clients. Personal gain, self-aggrandizement, and lack of ethical education can all contribute to problems of professionalism. While credentials are a necessary part of career advancement and certification, they should not be used as a substitute for competence and caring. In the counseling profession, the law will occasionally come into conflict with the code of ethics. This means that you may have to violate the law to remain true to your own sense of morality. The counselor must be able to justify their ethical decisions and be prepared to suffer any professional or legal consequences that may arise. Community Work Settings Community counselors work in settings that may range from individual sessions, families, groups, and communities. Community counselors can perform many tasks that include vocational, psychological, emotional, prevention, and intervention activities. Community counselors take a role as a community activist to promote positive social change within the society. Community counselors confront issues such as drug and alcohol abuse, domestic violence, and sexual abuse. This may occur in a hospital, community center, or a correctional facility. The value of early intervention has highlighted the importance of counseling moving into the school system. This would be

Australian Corporations Law Essay Example for Free

Australian Corporations Law Essay There are two company classifications, proprietary and public. Most Australian companies are proprietary limited companies because this classification and type suits the needs of most businesses. (i) Reasons to Choose a Proprietary Company A proprietary company by comparison to a public company has simpler and therefore lower cost reporting obligations, is limited to 50 non employee shareholders’, ‘and between 1 to 50 members’ , a public company can have more. A proprietary company requires a minimum of one director a public company requires a minimum of three directors. The director or directors of proprietary company must ordinarily reside in Australia and be 18 years of age or older. A public company can be listed on the stock exchange and raise funds directly from the public by offering shares or debentures for sale’ a proprietary company cannot, however a proprietary company can offer shares to existing shareholders or employees. (b) Company Types There are two types of proprietary companies, companies limited by shares and companies unlimited with share capital. (i) Reason to Choose a Company Limited by Shares In the event that a company limited by shares does not have sufficient assets to meet its debts, each member is only liable for the amount, if any, that remains unpaid on their shares , ‘[L]imited liability means that members of a company are not personally liable for the full extent of their company’s debts. ’ This limitation of personal liability is the great advantage of this type of company. (ii) Reason Not to Choose a Company Unlimited with Share Capital An ‘unlimited company means a company whose members have no limit placed on their liability’ for their company’s debts. Unlimited companies are rarely used. Company Names A company name is optional; the company’s ACN can be used instead. The name ‘Sai Kung’ has been chosen and so an application for reservation of the name, form 410, must be lodged with ASIC prior to the application to register the company. See attachment 1. ‘A limited proprietary company must have the words â€Å"Proprietary Limited† [or Pty Ltd] at the end of its name. ’ B Application for Registration 1 Application Form To register the company, ASIC form 201 must be completed and lodged with ASIC. See attachment 2. 2 Additional Information Required for Registration In addition to the classification, type and proposed name of the company the following information must be provided: †¢Ã¢â‚¬Ëœthe name and address of each person who consents to become a member’ †¢ ‘the present given and family name, all former given and family names and the date and place of birth of each person who consents in writing to become a director †¢Ã¢â‚¬Ëœthe present given and family name, all former given and family names and the date and place of birth of each person who consents in writing to become a company secretary;’ A proprietary company is not required to have a secretary †¢Ã¢â‚¬Ëœthe address of the company’s registered office;’ †¢Ã¢â‚¬Ëœthe address of the company’s proposed principal place of business (if it is not the address of the proposed registered office);’ †¢Ã¢â‚¬Ëœthe number of shares each member agrees in writing to take up;’ The price of each share, whether the share wi ll be fully paid on registration, if not fully paid, the amount that will be unpaid on each share and whether or not the shares each member agrees to take up will be beneficially owned by the member on registration of the company. 3 Consents and Agreements Consents and agreements of nominated directors, secretary and members must be obtained prior to the application for registration being accepted by ASIC. 4 Rules for Internal Management of a Company Regarding the rules for the internal management of a company, a company can either use the ‘replaceable rules’ as stated in the Corporation Act, or form a constitution, the company’s own rules, or a combination of replaceable rules and the constitution. C Registration by ASIC Registration is at ASIC’s discretion. 1 Issue of Certificate of Registration Sai Kung Pty Ltd will not exist, will not become incorporated, until ASIC registers the company and issues a certificate of registration. 2 Corporate Key ‘Within two days of registration, ASIC will also issue a corporate key to the company’s registered office address. ’ This is an eight digit number used to lodge forms with ASIC, access company records and receive annual statements online. This number should be kept confidential. D Alternative: A Shelf Company If you do not wish to go through the process of registration alternatively you could purchase a shelf company, this is a company that has already been registered and is therefore available for immediate use. A shelf company can be renamed with the name of your choosing. The Facts 5 January Toto acting as a promoter, entered into a contract on behalf of Sai Kung (‘SK’), a yet to be registered company. The contract was with Television Broadcasts Limited (‘TVB’), to pay TVB for their professional and technical assistance in producing a television seafood cooking show. 12 January SK was registered by ASIC, the company did not adopt a constitution, did choose to have a common seal and Flora and Toto were both appointed as directors. SK did not appoint a company secretary. TVB commenced providing SK with professional and technical assistance to produce the television show. 2 February The contract with TVB was ratified by SK on 2 February. 20 February As at 20 February the shows production has not commenced and TVB has not been paid for its assistance. B The Law Applied to the Facts When Toto, on behalf of SK, entered into the contract with TVB, he acted as a promoter, ‘anyone who exerts themselves on behalf of a not-existent company’ . Toto the promoter was liable to pay TVB for their services in the event that SK did not register or SK did register but did not ratify the contract. On 2 February SK, a registered company since 12 January, ratified the contract with TVB. SK is now liable and bound by the contract made on its behalf on 5 January. However, in the event that SK does not pay TVB part or all of what is owed, Toto, as the promoter, remains liable. If Toto had obtained a release from TVB he would no longer be liable or ‘[a]n alternative way in which a company [SK] can become primarily liable is where the company [SK] and the other party [TVB] substitute a new contract in place of the pre-registration contract (otherwise known as â€Å"novation†). This discharges any liability of the promoter [Toto] in relation to the pre-registration contract. An effective novation requires the consent of both the company [SK] and the third party [TVB]. ’ C The Objective of the Section 133 of the Corporations Act ‘At common law, if a pre-registration contract was not performed neither the company nor the promoter were liable. The innocent other party was left with an unenforceable contract’, an example is the case Black v Smallwood . A promoter ‘was only bound if they intended to be bound’ as in the case Kelner v Baxter where ‘[t]he court examined the written contract and imputed and intention by [the promoter] Baxter to bind himself personally. ’ Section 133 of the Corporations Act states that Part 2B. replaces any rights or liabilities anyone would otherwise have on the pre-registration contract’ , ending the ‘uncertainty arising out of the laws of agency and contract. ’ ‘The issue of where liability lay for not fulfilling obligations incurred under pre-registratio n contracts is now governed entirely by the Corporations Act and its overriding aim is to ensure that the innocent other party [in this case TVB] is not left without legal remedy.

Speech Understanding Software -- Essays Papers

Speech Understanding Software In the past computers were completely impractical and never thought to be used for personal reasons. Today computers are a common household item easily accessible to anyone. In the future the computer will be even more focused around the user creating less work for the user. This future will be made possible through Human Centric computing. Human centric computing will make computers easy to work with. The main focus is to create a world where computers are everywhere and easy to use. One method of creating a more human interface is by implementing speech understanding software. This software is already improving at an amazing pace. Most reviews of speech understanding software I've read are highly critical about the speech understanding products. However in most personal reviews of the software people who have been using the currently available software are happy with the products. I think a big part of the problem is our expectations, and most people who have tried speech understanding products have succeeded to understand how the products perform once they are past the initial stages. One application for speech understanding software is the type that works with electronic documents. The User speaks into a microphone and the software translates the sounds into text on-screen. The text can then be saved into a file. That actually can work pretty well, but it still has a lot of weaknesses. Most people who use speech understanding software today don't use it to dictate letters and reports but to control computers, programs, and to process information online. A prime example of how efficiently speech-understanding software is working for those who need information from the Net is Tellme (1-... ...t also understand free flowing speech of multiple languages. Humans will be able to communicate with computers the same way they communicate with other people. When someone will need to ask for a document he or she will simply tell the computer what is needed without having to know where and how the information is stored. Users will be able to specify the information they want without having to go through fixed sets of choices. Computers and users will engage in interactive conversations, allowing the user to retrieve the needed information in a small number of steps. This process will not be restricted by a limited vocabulary, training, or any unneeded pauses. This will take the place of using keyboards and mice to communicate with a computer and will allow the user to be able to deal with the task at hand more efficiently and accomplish goals in a matter of minutes.

Investigating the Volume of a Drop Essay

Criteria: – Planning (a) – Planning (b) – Data Collection – Data Processing and Presentation – Conclusion and evaluation Laura Hu Lab Partner: Tu Tai Kuong Started January 20, 07 Completed January 27, 07 5 pages + raw data Planning (a) and (b) Objective: To accurately measure the volume of a drop of water and saturated salt water under two set temperatures. Hypothesis: Since the mass of a substance changes as the temperature changes, we believe that the volume of a liquid would change as temperature changes. This is because we know that density is equal to mass divided by volume. Density is different depending on its temperature and mass is constant. Therefore, with a difference in temperature, there will be a difference in volume. The second thing we predict is that salt water will have a smaller volume per drop than water. This is because the density of salt water and the mass of salt water will be greater than normal water due to the added salt in the water. This will make it heavier than regular water.. Independent Variables: Forces affecting the drop as it is about to come down (gravity and shaking of hand) Where to drop lands (may land on the sides of the beaker, making the drop stick to the sides instead of dropping to the bottom) Water evaporation Atmospheric pressure Dropping device type (diameter of the place where the drop will come out) Height from which the droplet will be dropped (prevent splashing) Saturation of salt water Number of drops that will be tested Loss or increase in heat while conducting the experiment Dependent Variables: Temperature of the liquids The type of liquid Materials: 2 Eye Droppers 2 Thermometers 2 Graduated cylinders (0.5ml increments) Microwave Refrigerator (set at 1 degree Celsius) Paper towels Saturated salt water (table salt dissolved into water at room temperature until it cannot dissolve anymore) Nestle Pure Life natural spring water (bottled water) 4 Styrofoam cups 1 Procedures: 1. Prepare a data table with columns named â€Å"Start volume†, â€Å"End Volume†, â€Å"Difference† and â€Å"Volume per drop†. Example: Start volume End Volume Difference Volume per drop 2. Put bottled water two Styrofoam cups. Take one of the cups and add table salt in it. Mix it until the salt will not dissolve any longer. Put both cups in the fridge. Set the fridge to 1 degree Celsius. Leave them there overnight. 3. The next day, take out the salt water and mix it again to make sure it is saturated. Put the Styrofoam cup containing the salt water into a second Styrofoam cup. 4. Take an eye dropper, fill the eye dropper with salt water 5. Take the graduated cylinder and position it so that the end of the eyedropper is 2cm from the bottom of the graduated cylinder. Record the start volume of the liquid inside the cylinder (0 cm in this case). 6. Slowly drop 10 drops into the cylinder, maintaining a 1 cm distance between the liquid and the end of the eyedropper. Record the volume. Dispose of the remaining water inside the dropper. Fill the dropper again with salt water. Drop 10 drops into the cylinder. Make sure to carefully count every drop! Record the end volumes. 7. Repeat step 5 five times. 8. Clean out the graduated cylinder using tap water, and use paper towels to dry it clean. 9. Put the salt water back into the fridge. 10. Take out the cold water (from the fridge), put it in another Styrofoam cup and repeat what you did in step 5-8. 11. Put the water in the microwave and heat it at high power for 1 minute. 12. Take it out, stir the water, measure the temperature (and write it down) and use the water to do steps 5-8 again. 13. Take the salt water out, microwave it at high power for 1 minute. 14. Repeat what you did in step 12 for the salt water. 15. Clean everything up. Data Collection Attached to the back of the lab. 2 Data Processing and Presentation Difference = End volume – start volume Ex. End volume = 2.11ml, start volume = 2.00ml 2.11ml – 2.00ml = 0.11 ml = difference Volume per drop = Difference / 10 Ex. Difference = 0.11ml 0.11ml/10 = 0.011ml = Volume per drop Cold bottled water at 0.5+ 0.02 degrees Celsius Star Volume End Volume Difference Volume per Drop 2.00ml 2.11ml 0.11ml 0.011 ml 2.11 ml 2.29 ml 0.18 ml 0.018 ml 2.29 ml 2.49 ml 0.20 ml 0.020 ml 2.61 ml 2.80 ml 0.19 ml 0.019 ml 2.80 ml 2.98 ml 0.18 ml 0.018 ml Average volume per drop: (0.011+0.018+0.020+0.018) / 5 = 0.0134ml Rounded: 0.013 ml Uncertainty: + 0.02 / 10 = + 0.002ml Volume per drop = 0.011ml to 0.015ml Cold saturated salt water at 0.5 + 0.02 degrees Celsius Star Volume End Volume Difference Volume per Drop 2.00 ml 2.12 ml 0.12 ml 0.012 ml 2.12 ml 2.30 ml 0.18 ml 0.018 ml 2.30 ml 2.41 ml 0.11 ml 0.011 ml 2.41 ml 2.60 ml 0.19 ml 0.019 ml 2.60 ml 2.71 ml 0.11 ml 0.011 ml Average volume per drop: (0.012+0.018+0.011+0.019+0.011) / 5 = 0.0142 ml Rounded: 0.014 ml Uncertainty: + 0.02 / 10 = + 0.002ml Volume per drop = 0.012ml to 0.016ml Warm bottled water at 38 + 0.5 degrees Celsius Star Volume End Volume Difference Volume per Drop 2.00 ml 2.11 ml 0.11 ml 0.011 ml 2.10 ml 2.30 ml 0.20 ml 0.020 ml 2.30 ml 2.45 ml 0.15 ml 0.015 ml 2.45 ml 2.60 ml 0.15 ml 0.015 ml 2.60 ml 2.81 ml 0.21 ml 0.015 ml Average volume per drop: (0.011+0.020+0.015+0.015+0.015) / 5 = 0.0152 ml 3 Rounded: 0.015ml Uncertainty: + 0.02 / 10 = + 0.002ml Volume per drop = 0.013ml to 0.017ml Warm saturated salt water at 38 + 0.5 degrees Celsius Star Volume End Volume Difference Volume per Drop 2.00 ml 2.10 ml 0.10 ml 0.010 ml 2.10 ml 2.31 ml 0.21 ml 0.021 ml 2.21 ml 2.34 ml 0.13 ml 0.013 ml 2.34 ml 2.49 ml 0.15 ml 0.015 ml 2.60 ml 2.71 ml 0.11 ml 0.011 ml Average volume per drop: (0.010+0.021+0.013+0.015+0.011) / 5 = 0.014ml Uncertainty: + 0.02 / 10 = + 0.002ml Volume per drop = 0.012ml to 0.016ml Conclusion and Evaluation Our experiment tested two variables (the type of liquid and the temperature) and how they affected the volume of a drop. From our experiment, there is a slight difference between the volume of bottled water and the volume of salt water, so therefore it proves that the volume of a drop is dependant on the type of liquid we use. I also hypothesized that salt water would contain a smaller volume per drop than bottled water. This hypothesis was disproved in the experiment. We found that the volume of a drop of bottled water at 0.5 degrees Celsius is 0.01ml less than the volume of a drop of saturated salt water at 0.5 degrees Celsius. For our experiment, we couldn’t prove that temperature affected the temperature affects the volume of a liquid because the volume of a drop of our bottled water increased by 0.02ml while the volume of a drop of warm saturated salt water remained exactly the same. Quite unexpectantly, we discovered that a drop of bottled water is greater in volume than a drop of salt water after they’re heated up to 38 degrees Celsius. All our data, however is only true IF we disregard the series of lab errors that may have altered the results. Here is the list of lab errors: Lab Errors: 1. Every drop that comes out of the eyedropper is a result of gravity pulling the drop of water out of the eyedropper opening. Because the force of gravity is constant, we can assume that every drop has the same volume, unless there was another force involved. This other force is the shaking of the hand holding the eyedropper. To prevent this, we first planned to tape the eyedropper to a ring stand. This way it would stay motionless so that no other force except gravity would act on every individual drop. Unfortunately, the eyedropper was not long enough to reach far enough into the graduated cylinder, therefore we held the eye dropped ourselves while dropping the liquids. For this reason, the shaking of our hand may have affected the results of our data. 4 2. To prevent liquids from splashing onto the sides of the graduated cylinder, we decided to make every drop 1 cm above the liquid inside the cylinder. This would prevent each drop from making the water splash too much. 3. Since we couldn’t use the ring stand, the drops may have gotten stuck to the sides of the graduated cylinder because we couldn’t guarantee that the eyedropper was held vertically over the water. Even if we did make sure it was vertically straight, our hands might have shook, flinging the drop so that it would hit the side. 4. Water evaporation may have occurred when we were performing the lab, so before recording the data for 10 drops, there may have been a little bit of water that had evaporated so each drop is actually slightly bigger than what we had recorded. 5. We are not 100 percent sure that we counted the correct number of drops because there seems to be a few trials that had an unusually large volume compared to the other trials. This may have also been because the water stuck to the sides of the graduated cylinder came down and added to the volume of one trial. 6. Since the graduated cylinder we used only went up in 0.5ml increments, we had to estimate the 0.01ml values. Our data may be off by 0.01 or 0.02ml (thus a + 0.02ml error). 7. Atmospheric pressure affects the results slightly. This is something we cannot control, however we did the entire in a short period of time, so the atmospheric pressure should have been somewhat the same during that period of time. 8. We couldn’t make sure that NO heat would be lost or gained when we took the cold water from out of the fridge or when we took it out of the microwave. We insulated the water with 2 Styrofoam cups, but even that couldn’t make sure that no heat would be gained or lost. Also, water would lose or gain heat as we are dropping each drop, or when it is sitting in the graduated cylinder, waiting to be measured and recorded. For this reason, each drop may be a little bigger or smaller in volume than our recorded values. 9. We tried to control the saltiness of the salt water by making it saturated salt water. To do this, we put much more salt than is needed to saturate the water, into the container. We stirred until no more salt was dissolved, or so it seemed. We couldn’t be absolutely sure that the water was saturated because maybe the salt was just dissolving more slowly, but it was still being dissolved. 10. When we were heating up the water inside salt water, we still had a little bit of salt left on the bottom.. This may have caused a problem because when we wanted saturated water, we wanted it saturated at 0.5 degrees. After we heat the salt water, it wouldn’t be saturated anymore, so more salt would be able to be dissolved into the solution. This means that the salt water after getting heated was slightly saltier than before it was heated.

Filial Piety’s Role in Ancient China Essay - 2270 Words

In the 18th century, China was influenced by various teachings of philosophers and beliefs that the society had placed emphasis on. Filial piety (xiao) was a major practice around this period when it was strongly carried inside and outside the household. Filial piety is not only the guiding principle of Chinese ethics but it also played an affirmative role in determining the Chinese lifestyle; it was practiced daily in the family and in other areas such as education, religion and government. It was the central root of Chinese morals and the society was constructed upon the principles of xiao, which certainly became the premises of Chinese culture and the society. In Confucianism, the approach of respect, fidelity, and care toward one’s†¦show more content†¦But even dogs or horses are given food. If there is no feeling of reverence, wherein lies the difference? (Chan Watson, pp. 29)†. The quotation by Confucius defines the practice of filial piety by contrasti ng humans with animals, and stating that by providing food or necessities to the parents is not enough, but that there are responsibilities beyond providing necessities. For Confucius, a child giving respect to his parents while they are alive could be done by animals as well, however to be a filial child one must show respect for their parent even after their death. Even as far as the Han dynasty, in which Confucianism was recognized as a state orthodoxy , is also regarded as administrator endorsement of filial piety, thoroughly constructing unfilial behaviour a punishable crime and rewarding acts of filial piety (Chan, Alan Kam-Leung; Tan, Sor-hoon). Han emperors took on xiao as part of their title and filial piety entered more and more regularly into the dynastic histories and other historical works (Chan, Alan Kam-Leung; Tan, Sor-hoon). Filial piety was practiced all the way through the dynasties and especially in this century where many philosophers, including Confucius, focuse d on bringing this practice into society for better development of the families and society. Similar to Confucius, Chu Hsi also emphasized filial piety in his proclamations. Chu Hsi became a successful administrative and supporter of education as a local